Strength refers to the maximal force that can be generated by a specific muscle or muscle group. There are many different types of strength and each type of strength should be taken into consideration when forming an effective physical training program.
The most important types of strength: Maximal Strength, Explosive Strength and Strength Endurance.
Maximal Strength is the maximum amount of force that can be generated in one shot. It is measured in 1repetative maximum (1RM). Based on three different types of muscle action it can be concentric, eccentric and isometric muscle contraction.
Concentric muscle contraction is one where the length of muscles shortens as it overcomes the resistance. The net work done is positive and the action is dynamic in nature.
Eccentric muscle contraction is one where the length of muscles lengthens as it yields to or tries to overcome a resistance. The net work done is negative and the action is dynamic in nature.
Isometric muscle contraction is one where the muscle contracts against an immovable resistance causing no change in muscle length. The net work done is zero and the action is static in nature
There are two more types of muscle action i.e. isokinetic and isoinertial muscle action. This muscle action cannot be performed physiologically and need specialized equipments.
Explosive Strength is amount of strength per unit time, and is also known as power.
Strength Endurance is the ability to sustain strength to prolong duration of time. It is one’s ability to resist fatigue.