Most of the energy drinks contain methylxanthines (including caffeine), vitamin B and herbs.Some other ingredients are guarana, acai, and taurine, plus various forms of ginseng, maltodextrin, carbonated water, inositol, carnitine, creatine, glucuronolactone and ginkgo biloba.Mostly all the energy drinks have high levels of sugar, and many brands also offer artificially-sweetened 'diet' versions. The central ingredient in most energy drinks is caffeine, the same stimulant found in coffee or tea.Many physiological and psychological effects have been related to energy drinks and their ingredients. Two of the studies done significant improvements in mental and cognitive performances. Excess consumption of energy drinks may induce mild to moderate euphoria primarily caused by stimulant properties of caffeine and may also induce agitation, anxiety, irritability and insomnia.During repeated cycling tests in young healthy adults an energy drink significantly increased upper body muscle endurance.